Enlarge / A cannabis flower is seen at East End Flower Farm, in Mattituck, New York, on November 16, 2023. (credit: Getty | CECILIA SANCHEZ)

Survey data collected from more than 430,000 US adults over multiple years suggests a strong, statistically significant link between the use of cannabis and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, specifically heart attack and stroke.

The open-access study, published this week in Journal of the American Heart Association, found that people who used cannabis every day had 25 percent higher odds of having a heart attack and 42 percent higher odds of having a stroke compared with those who did not use cannabis at all.

But, the national survey data—collected between 2016 and 2020—also contained data on people who used cannabis less frequently than daily. Survey respondents were asked how many days in the past 30 days they used cannabis, which allowed researchers to estimate the odds of cardiovascular disease along the whole spectrum of cannabis use. And they found near-linear dose-responses, with more days of use per month associated with higher risk.